Since IP provides only simple delivery services, almost all of the problems with IP
are related to delivery difficulties. Perhaps a network segment is down, or a router
has been misconfiguration, or a host is no longer accepting packets.
In order to effectively debug problems with IP delivery, you should rely on the
ICMP protocol. It is the function of ICMP to report on problems that will keep IP
data grams from getting delivered to their destination effectively.
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