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While hierarchical and network database systems still exist and while new, non-relational data
concepts (such as Extensible Markup Language, XML, and object-oriented programming, OOP)
have arisen, the relational database is still king, and SQL is the language of choice for relational
data. In fact, SQL is being enlarged to include XML. Microsoft’s SQL Server 2000 includes
extensions to SQL called SQLXML to create XML views of relational data. Oracle9i Release 2
has fully incorporated the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) XML data model into its
DBMS and provides access methods for navigating and querying XML. So there is every indication
that relational databases and SQL will remain important tools in the future.
Database administrators and back-end developers use SQL as a stand-alone language to
create and maintain databases. SQL is also used by front-end application programmers as a set of
embedded commands for database connectivity. This is standard practice in both client-server
programming and many kinds of web programming, including ASP, PHP, JSP, Java, and other
environments. SQL is everywhere.
SQL is an important skill even for non-programmers. Many managers face the demands of
querying a corporate database to get vital information. Though many kinds of user interfaces
have been developed for that task, nearly all of them use either SQL concepts or SQL syntax.
concepts (such as Extensible Markup Language, XML, and object-oriented programming, OOP)
have arisen, the relational database is still king, and SQL is the language of choice for relational
data. In fact, SQL is being enlarged to include XML. Microsoft’s SQL Server 2000 includes
extensions to SQL called SQLXML to create XML views of relational data. Oracle9i Release 2
has fully incorporated the W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) XML data model into its
DBMS and provides access methods for navigating and querying XML. So there is every indication
that relational databases and SQL will remain important tools in the future.
Database administrators and back-end developers use SQL as a stand-alone language to
create and maintain databases. SQL is also used by front-end application programmers as a set of
embedded commands for database connectivity. This is standard practice in both client-server
programming and many kinds of web programming, including ASP, PHP, JSP, Java, and other
environments. SQL is everywhere.
SQL is an important skill even for non-programmers. Many managers face the demands of
querying a corporate database to get vital information. Though many kinds of user interfaces
have been developed for that task, nearly all of them use either SQL concepts or SQL syntax.
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